The emperors ruled from Constantinople, which they called New Rome. In the West, the Roman Empire fragmented. But over time, these things got worse or broke down completely. People were happier during the Roman Empire because of improvements in farming, roads, water supplies, and shipping. The people would never be unified because the social organization was different for each tribe. They converted to Christianity, but they kept their customs and ways of life. The Germanic tribes were forced to move into southern and western Europe. The Roman Empire helped provide stability to much of Europe. The fall of Rome had a huge impact on the political and social structure of the Western world. The Middle Ages is a time in Europe that started at about 500 AD and went until the Renaissance, around 1500 AD. Later, historians learned about the idea of the Dark Ages. Petrarch thought that there was not much learning during this time because people were missing out on classical knowledge. Petrarch, an Italian poet of the fourteenth century, called this time the Dark Ages. The end of the Middle Ages was a period called the Renaissance when there was lots of progress. There was more nationalism, people fought, natural disasters and climate changes, and people rebelled. Some scholars call it medieval, but others say that “Middle Age” makes it sound like this time is unimportant.The Middle Ages was a time in Europe that lasted from the fall of Rome to the beginning of the Renaissance.
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